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Statistics about Internet voting in Estonia

Participation in voting

ElectionsEligible votersParticipating voters
(voters turned out)		Voter turnout (%)
European Parliament elections 202498001436892537,6
Parliamentary elections 202396612961380163,5
Local elections 2021107404658736154,7
European Parliament elections 201988541733285937,6
Parliamentary elections 201988742056504563,7
Local elections 2017110064758651953,3
Parliamentary elections 201589979357791064,2
European Parliament elections 201490287332976636,5
Local elections 2013108693563005058,0
Parliamentary elections 201191334658026463,5
Local elections 2009109431766281360,6
European Parliament elections 200990962839918143,9
Parliamentary elections 200789724355546361,9
Local elections 2005105929250250447,4

 

Main indicators of I-voting

I-voting was first introduced during the local elections of 2005.

ElectionsI-votersI-votes cancelled (replaced with paper ballot)I-votes countedI-votes invalid (not valid due to a nonstandard of vote) Multiple I-votes (replaced with I-vote)
European Parliament elections 202415384857815326923627
Parliamentary elections 20233135141332312182110787
Local elections 20212755871966273620123598
European Parliament elections 201915552173155448n/a2555
Parliamentary elections 2019247232191247041n/a6340
Local elections 2017186034163185871n/a4527
Parliamentary elections 201517649116217632914593
European Parliament elections 201410315146103105n/a2019
Local elections 201313380814613366213045
Parliamentary elections 201114084682140764n/a*4384
Local elections 2009104413100104313n/a2373
European Parliament elections 2009586695558614n/a910
Parliamentary elections 2007302753230243n/a789
Local elections 20059317309287n/a364

* one invalid vote is depicted among cancelled votes 

I-votes counted

 

Proportions of i-voting

The votes of voters permanently staying, as well as those temporarily staying, in foreign countries during Riigikogu and European Parliament elections have been taken into account in the proportion of I-votes cast in foreign countries. In municipal council elections, only voters temporarily staying in a foreign country can vote electronically in a foreign country, and only the I-votes cast by them have been taken into account in the proportion.

ElectionsI-voters among eligible voters (%)I-voters among participating voters (%)I-votes among advance votes (%)I-votes cast abroad among I-votes (based on IP-address) (%)No. of states
European Parliament elections 202415,741,760,15,5106
Parliamentary elections 202332,551,168,97,8100
Local elections 202125,746,964,64,1110
European Parliament elections 201917,646,769,45,5109
Parliamentary elections 201927,943,871,46,3143
Local elections 201716,931,760,64,1115
Parliamentary elections 201519,630,559,65,7116
European Parliament elections 201411,431,359,24,798
Local elections 201312,321,250,54,2105
Parliamentary elections 201115,424,356,43,9105
Local elections 20099,515,844,02,882
European Parliament elections 20096,514,745,43,066
Parliamentary elections 20073,45,517,62,051
Local elections 20050,91,97,2n/an/a
I-voters among participating voters

 

Proportions of mobile ID and individual verification

Mobile ID was implemented in 2011, and the individual verification application was first used in 2013.

ElectionsI-voters voting via mobile-IDMobile-ID I-votes among all I-votes (%)Share of I-votes that were verified by the voter (%)
European Parliament elections 20244826431,49,9
Parliamentary elections 2023139934,55,5
Local elections 20213857014,06,7
European Parliament elections 20194681930,14,1
Parliamentary elections 20197230529,25,3
Local elections 20174421123,84,0
Parliamentary elections 20152208412,24,3
European Parliament elections 20141160911,04,0
Local elections 2013117538,63,4
Parliamentary elections 201126901,9n/a

 

I-voters by age groups

Starting from 2017, 16–17-year-olds also have the right to vote in local elections. The age limit for voting in Riigikogu and European Parliament elections is 18.

Age group16-1718-2425-3435-4445-5455‑6465‑74> 75
European Parliament elections 2024n/a8709197162942333205283952087813522
Parliamentary elections 2023n/a24569550056626963043489473293022751
Local elections 2021407917194463715749055602458063044218603
European Parliament elections 2019n/a862428499330973198726864168459605
Parliamentary elections 2019n/a18191537815500048750376142119712699
Local elections 201719891250340930429763704127537146548404
Parliamentary elections 2015n/a1472744692420703273823277118707117
European Parliament elections 2014n/a70362367224672198901542983534099
Local elections 2013n/a117453477832708245871720582364549
Parliamentary elections 2011n/a148513901333438257521719574453152
Local elections 2009n/a112372988924604195571207550651986
European Parliament elections 2009n/a5806171671353410962700131841015
Parliamentary elections 2007n/a339496927063520630291270621
Local elections 2005n/a932310422521595844382208
I-voters by age groups

 

I-voters by gender

GenderMenWomen
European Parliament elections 20247196781881
Parliamentary elections 2023141105172409
Local elections 2021125848149739
European Parliament elections 20197115284369
Parliamentary elections 2019112538134694
Local elections 20178798798047
Parliamentary elections 20158356092931
European Parliament elections 20145000053151
Local elections 20136396369845
Parliamentary elections 20116539675450
Local elections 20094934355070
European Parliament elections 20092887929735
Parliamentary elections 20071568114594
Local elections 200550614256
I-voters by gender

 

I-voters by days

From 2021, I-voting is possible on six days. I-voting starts on Monday morning of election week and ends on Saturday evening.

Day1.2.3.4.5.6.
European Parliament elections 2024223422014019589242242936038193
Parliamentary elections 2023630844740641652478024986363707
Local elections 2021434633744937099374394951870619
I-voters by days

Between 2009 and 2019, I-voting was available on seven days. I-voting started on the Thursday of the week preceding election week and ended on the Wednesday of election week.

Day1.2.3.4.5.6.7.
European Parliament elections 201928397192861075017117257842490529282
Parliamentary elections 201934668250712261129924432044879642958
Local elections 201731254216201589025046269753197633273
Parliamentary elections 201539039246261713320721208472585032868
European Parliament elections 20142014511922708010883150701774322324
Local elections 20132060015360923214930207642713328834
Parliamentary elections 201118676195441354118468231792378528037
Local elections 20091921214211825712888174381629718483
European Parliament elections 2009122868123351452799246959211539

In 2005 and 2007, I-voting was available on three days. I-voting started on the Monday of election week and ended on Wednesday.

Day1.2.3.
Parliamentary elections 20071290794218736
Local elections 2005368329673031

 

 

Number of I-voters by counties in Riigikogu (parliamentary) elections

 2007201120152019
Harju county3 98320 67526 83238 636
Hiiu county2741 5101 8912 755
Ida-Viru county8764 8075 3867 456
Jõgeva county6473 0193 9305 429
Järva county8463 8444 5526 235
Lääne county6002 9433 6093 969
Lääne-Viru county1 1515 9207 42110 922
Põlva county6213 0303 7944 779
Pärnu county1 7138 89810 72215 666
Rapla county9444 2425 2876 872
Saare county8114 1105 3887 417
Tartu county96053057 72512 095
Valga county57626963 4144 542
Viljandi county1 1855 2956 5018 968
Võru county6393 5024 5816 870
Tallinn city11 65648 24158 71180 196
Tartu city2 67411 61414 00020 078
Permanently abroad1191 1952 7474 347
Total30 275140 846176 491247 232

 

Number of I-voters by counties in local elections

 2005200920132017
Harju county1 13714 40719 28128 586
Hiiu county971 0171 4662 106
Ida-Viru county3585 3445 6028 649
Jõgeva county1882 2343 0154 307
Järva county2452 8943 5904 923
Lääne county1722 2902 7903 347
Lääne-Viru county3394 1905 3228 297
Põlva county1972 0853 1153 880
Pärnu county4536 4907 84711 294
Rapla county2432 7973 6214 868
Saare county2552 7243 8205 575
Tartu county2563 4535 2538 711
Valga county2092 0302 7253 839
Viljandi county3323 6054 6666 879
Võru county2182 5073 6065 915
Tallinn city3 83238 14747 78960 454
Tartu city7868 19910 30014 404
Total9 317104 413133 808186 034

 

Number of I-voters by counties in European Parliamentary elections

 2009201420192024
Harju county8 50315 90124 59726 683
Hiiu county5211 0531 6221 771
Ida-Viru county2 1222 8784 2745 183
Jõgeva county1 1221 9573 0262 810
Järva county1 4892 4843 5963 346
Lääne county1 1752 0222 4302 449
Lääne-Viru county2 0863 8406 1876 100
Põlva county9871 9162 6382 509
Pärnu county3 3495 6099 1078 362
Rapla county1 5562 8023 9913 852
Saare county1 3762 8114 1214 247
Tartu county1 7623 8987 0707 891
Valga county1 0061 7212 5902 435
Viljandi county2 0333 4395 1464 926
Võru county1 2232 2893 9073 538
Tallinn city23 27038 69555 47451 669
Tartu city4 7868 75113 38713 040
Permanently abroad3031 0852 3582 458
Total58 669103 151155 521153 269

 

Result of I-voting in European Parliamentary elections in 2024

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party40 405
Social Democratic Party37 777
Isamaa Party32 926
Parempoolsed Party14 816
Estonian Conservative People’s Party10 502
Estonian Centre Party8 509
Estonia 200 Party5 063
KOOS Points to Sovereignty1 413
Estonian Greens1 104
Independent candidates753
Grand total153 268

 

Result of I-voting in Riigikogu (parliamentary) elections in 2023

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party130 072
Estonia 200 Party52 574
Social Democratic Party33 253
Estonian Centre Party28 575
Estonian Conservative People’s Party27 363
Isamaa Party24 688
Parempoolsed Party8 328
Estonian Greens3 410
Estonian United Left Party2 520
Independent candidates1 398
Grand total312 181

 

Result of I-voting in local elections in 2021

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party24 492
Estonian Centre Party24 075
Estonia 200 Party12 890
Social Democratic Party9 633
Isamaa Party7 501
Estonian Conservative People’s Party6 213
Estonian Greens2 776
Other186 040
Grand total273 620

 

Result of I-voting in European Parliamentary elections in 2019

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party54 501
Social Democratic Party40 094
Isamaa Party15 755
Estonian Conservative People’s Party11 923
Estonian Centre Party10 477
Estonia 200 Party6 910
Estonian Greens3 133
Richness of Life Party1 492
Estonian United Left Party58
Independent candidates11 105
Grand total155 448

 

Result of I-voting in Riigikogu (parliamentary) elections in 2019

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party98 732
Estonian Conservative People’s Party33 302
Isamaa Party31 014
Estonian Centre Party28 826
Social Democratic Party28 276
Estonia 200 Party13 700
Estonian Greens5 632
Richness of Life Party3 799
Estonian Free Party2 968
Estonian United Left Party149
Independent candidates643
Grand total247 041

 

Result of I-voting in local elections in 2017

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party55 220
Social Democratic Party25 283
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union18 855
Estonian Centre Party18 722
Estonian Conservative People’s Party11 219
Estonian Greens2 369
Estonian United Left Party138
Other54 065
Grand total185 871

 

Result of I-voting in Riigikogu (parliamentary) elections in 2015

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party66 283
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union30 299
Social Democratic Party29 791
Estonian Free Party21 129
Estonian Centre Party13 437
Estonian Conservative People’s Party12 167
Estonian Greens2 118
Party of People's Unity586
Estonian Independence Party185
Estonian United Left Party70
Independent candidates263
Grand total176 328

 

Result of I-voting in European Parliamentary elections in 2014

Party or independent candidatesI-votes 
Estonian Reform Party33 385
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union19 327
Indrek Tarand16 003
Social Democratic Party15 552
Teised Independent candidates7 918
Estonian Centre Party6 071
Estonian Conservative People’s Party2 832
Other parties2 017
Grand total103 105

 

Result of I-voting in local elections in 2013

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union34 743
Estonian Reform Party28 756
Social Democratic Party19 790
Estonian Centre Party12 442
Estonian Conservative People’s Party2 214
Estonian United Left Party3
Other35 714
Grand total133 662

 

Result of I-voting in Riigikogu (parliamentary) elections in 2011

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party52 015
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union35 735
Social Democratic Party25 332
Estonian Centre Party13 892
Estonian Greens6 121
People's Union of Estonia1 875
Estonian Christian Democrats590
Russian Party in Estonia779
Estonian Independence Party463
Independent candidates3 962
Grand total140 764

 

Result of I-voting in European Parliamentary elections in 2009

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Indrek Tarand18 905
Estonian Reform Party11 759
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union10 113
Estonian Centre Party6 388
Social Democratic Party6 087
Estonian Greens1 945
Martin Helme1 105
Dimitri Klenski773
People's Union of Estonia769
Estonian Christian Democrats177
Estonian United Left Party169
Libertas Eesti Erakond137
Russian Party in Estonia128
Farmers' Union60
Juri Žuravljov42
Märt Õigus42
Taira Aasa15
Grand total58 614

 

Result of I-voting in local elections in 2009

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party26 148
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union23 505
Estonian Centre Party15 304
Social Democratic Party11 173
Estonian Greens2 128
People's Union of Estonia1 382
Estonian Christian Democrats204
Estonian Independence Party42
Other24 427
Grand total104 313

 

Result of I-voting in Riigikogu (parliamentary) elections in 2007

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party10 438
Pro Patria and Res Publica Union8 067
Social Democratic Party4 020
Estonian Greens3 221
Estonian Centre Party2 765
People's Union of Estonia1 085
Estonian Christian Democrats345
Constitution Party120
Estonian Independence Party91
Estonian Left Party35
Russian Party in Estonia30
Independent candidates26
Grand total30 243

 

Result of I-voting in local elections in 2005

Party or independent candidatesI-votes
Estonian Reform Party3 039
Pro Patria Union1 629
Res Publica965
Social Democratic Party916
Estonian Centre Party806
People's Union of Estonia640
Estonian Christian People's Party24
Estonian United People's Party12
Estonian Independence Party8
Estonian Left Party6
Russian Party in Estonia0
Other1 242
Grand total9 287